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Asterisk 通道

# 所有注册的通道类型
core show channeltypes

通道类型

  • chan_oss、chan_alsa、chan_console 只能注册一个 - 因为在做同一件事
  • SIP 功能可由 chan_sip 和 chan_pjsip 提供 - 目前建议使用 pjsip
  • IAX 是 asterisk 之间的通讯协议 - 用于实现多实例,互相发现,外部线路等
TypeDescriptionDevicestatePresencestateIndicationsTransfer
AnnouncerBridge Media Announcing Channel Drivernonoyesno
CBAnnConference Bridge Announcing Channelnonoyesno
CBRecConference Bridge Recording Channelnononono
ConsoleOSS Console Channel Drivernonoyesno
DAHDIDAHDI Telephony w/PRIyesnoyesno
DongleHuawei 3G Dongle Channel Driveryesnoyesno
IAX2Inter Asterisk eXchange Driver (Ver 2)yesnoyesyes
LocalLocal Proxy Channel Driveryesnoyesno
MGCPMedia Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP)yesnoyesno
MulticastRTPMulticast RTP Paging Channel Drivernononono
PJSIPPJSIP Channel Driveryesnoyesyes
RecorderBridge Media Recording Channel Drivernonoyesno
SIPSession Initiation Protocol (SIP)yesnoyesyes
SkinnySkinny Client Control Protocol (Skinny)yesnoyesno
SurrogateSurrogate channel used to pull channel fnononono
UnicastRTPUnicast RTP Media Channel Drivernononono
USTMUNISTIM Channel Drivernonoyesno

chan_mobile 和 chan_dongle 没显示 - 因为注册失败

通道模块

ModuleDescriptionSupport Level
chan_bridge_media.soBridge Media Channel Drivercore
chan_dahdi.soDAHDI Telephony w/PRIcore
chan_dongle.soHuawei 3G Dongle Channel Driverextended
chan_iax2.soInter Asterisk eXchange (Ver 2)core
chan_mgcp.soMedia Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP)extended
chan_mobile.soBluetooth Mobile Device Channel Driverextended
chan_oss.soOSS Console Channel Driverdeprecated
chan_pjsip.soPJSIP Channel Drivercore
chan_rtp.soRTP Media Channelcore
chan_sip.soSession Initiation Protocol (SIP)extended
chan_skinny.soSkinny Client Control Protocol (Skinny)extended
chan_unistim.soUNISTIM Protocol (USTM)extended

FAQ

chan_sip vs chan_pjsip

  • chan_sip
    • 2014 年前 - SIP 早期
    • Asterisk <= 11
  • chan_pjsip
    • Asterisk >= 12
    • 基于 PJSIP 库 - 独立于 Asterisk
  • 如果只处理 VoIP - chan_sip 足矣
    • 传统的电话网关都使用非常老版本的 asterisk - 例如 1.8
  • 如果需要处理现代化通讯 - 使用 chan_pjsip
    • Websocket
    • WebRTC
    • 视频
    • 新的编码 - Opus, VP8, VP9
  • 参考