wails

• wailsapp/wails
  • MIT, Go
  • 基于 Webview 的应用封装
• WML
• Windows - WebView2
• macOS - Safari
• Linux - gcc,libgtk3,libwebkit
• 可使用 upx 压缩, nsis 打包
• 开发环境
  • Vite

info

• Roadmap #1484
• 不支持多 WebView #1452
  • 目前只有 electron 支持
• DnD 获取真实文件路径 #1090
• 自升级 #1178

go install github.com/wailsapp/wails/v2/cmd/wails@latest

brew install upx nsis # macOS 开发额外依赖
wails doctor          # 检查系统环境

wails init -n my-wails -t react-ts
cd ./my-wails/
wails dev

# -platform Download, Embed, Browser, Error
# -clean 清空 build/bin
# -debug 允许 inspect
wails build -trimpath -upx -platform windows/amd64 -webview2 Embed -nsis
wails build -trimpath -upx -platform darwin/amd64

• 生命周期
  • OnStartup
  • OnDomReady
  • OnBeforeClose
  • OnShutdown

Binding/Bridge

• window.runtime
  • Log{Print,Trace,Debug,Info,Warning,Error,Fatal}
  • Events{On,OnMultiple,Off,Once,Emit}
  • Window{Reload,ReloadApp,SetSystemDefaultTheme,SetLightTheme,SetDarkTheme}
  • Window Center/Fullscreen/Maximise/ToggleMaximise/Unmaximise/Minimise/Unminimise
  • Window Get/Set Size/MaxSize/MinSize/Position
  • Window Hide/Show
  • Window SetRGBA
  • BrowserOpenURL
  • Environment
  • Quit - 退出应用
• Go Runtime
  • Dialog
  • Menu

export function Greet(arg1) {
  return window['go']['main']['App']['Greet'](arg1);
}

app

• 注入内容
  • /wails/runtime.js
  • /wails/ipc.js
• <div data-wails-drag> -> style="--wails-dragable:drag"
  • style="--wails-draggable:no-drag"

<!-- noautoinjectruntime, noautoinjectipc, noautoinject -->
<meta name="wails-options" content="[options]" />

window._wails;
window.wails;

• https://github.com/wailsapp/wails/tree/v3-alpha/v3/internal/runtime/desktop

wails v3

• v3
  • 声明式 -> 过程式
  • 多窗口
  • 集成 系统托盘
  • 优化 bindings 实现和生成逻辑
  • 使用 taskfile 构建
  • 优化事件
  • WML - Wails Markup Language
    • 有点类似 htmx
    • element 特殊属性
      • wlm-window - 操作窗口
        • Center,Close,Minimize,Maximize,UnMaximize,FullScreen,UnFullScreen,Restore
      • wlm-event - emit 事件
        • wlm-trigger - 触发条件
          • 例如 mouseover
• https://github.com/wailsapp/wails/tree/v3-alpha
• https://v3alpha.wails.io/
• events
  • 三种类型
    • ApplicationEvent
    • WindowEvent
    • CustomEvent - 字符串
  • ApplicationEvent, WindowEvent 和 js 交互的时候会做 字符串 uint 的 mapping
  • events.Common.ApplicationStarted
    • events.Mac.ApplicationDidFinishLaunching
    • events.Windows.ApplicationStarted
  • events.Common.WindowRuntimeReady
    • WebView runtime

go install -v github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3/cmd/wails3@latest

wails3 init -n my-app
cd my-app
wails3 build
./bin/my-app

syso

• 使用 tc-hib/winres
• info.json
  • res.SetVersionInfo
  • RT_VERSION
  • langId
    • https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/intl/language-identifiers
    • GetUserDefaultLocaleName
    • GetSystemDefaultLocaleName
    • https://github.com/cloudfoundry-attic/jibber_jabber
• wails.exe.manifest
  • https://github.com/tc-hib/winres/blob/master/manifest.go

info.json

{
  "fixed": {
    "file_version": "",
    "product_version": "",
    "flags": "", // debug, prerelease, patched, privatebuild, specialbuild
    "type": "", // app, dll
    "timestamp": ""
  },
  "info": {
    // langID
    "000": {
      "file_version": "",
      "product_version": "",
      "flags": "",
      "type": "",
      "KEY": "Value"
    }
  }
}

# wails3 generate syso -arch {{.ARCH}} -icon icon.ico -manifest wails.exe.manifest -info info.json -out ../wails.syso

// AppManifest describes an application manifest.
//
// Its zero value corresponds to the most common case.
type AppManifest struct {
	Identity                          AssemblyIdentity `json:"identity"`
	Description                       string           `json:"description"`
	Compatibility                     SupportedOS      `json:"minimum-os"`
	ExecutionLevel                    ExecutionLevel   `json:"execution-level"`
	UIAccess                          bool             `json:"ui-access"` // Require access to other applications' UI elements
	AutoElevate                       bool             `json:"auto-elevate"`
	DPIAwareness                      DPIAwareness     `json:"dpi-awareness"`
	DisableTheming                    bool             `json:"disable-theming"`
	DisableWindowFiltering            bool             `json:"disable-window-filtering"`
	HighResolutionScrollingAware      bool             `json:"high-resolution-scrolling-aware"`
	UltraHighResolutionScrollingAware bool             `json:"ultra-high-resolution-scrolling-aware"`
	LongPathAware                     bool             `json:"long-path-aware"`
	PrinterDriverIsolation            bool             `json:"printer-driver-isolation"`
	GDIScaling                        bool             `json:"gdi-scaling"`
	SegmentHeap                       bool             `json:"segment-heap"`
	UseCommonControlsV6               bool             `json:"use-common-controls-v6"` // Application requires Common Controls V6 (V5 remains the default)
}

// AssemblyIdentity defines the side-by-side assembly identity of the executable.
//
// It should not be needed unless another assembly depends on this one.
//
// If the Name field is empty, the <assemblyIdentity> element will be omitted.
type AssemblyIdentity struct {
	Name    string
	Version [4]uint16
}