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字幕

  • .srt - SubRip
    • 最简单
  • .aas - Advanced SubStation Alpha
    • 复杂、包含 srt 所有能力
  • .vtt - WebVTT - Web Video Text Tracks
    • Web 用
  • .ssa - Sub Station Alpha freeware
    • 复杂、少见、专用
  • .ttml - Timed Text Markup Language
  • sbv, sub, ttml, rt, scc, dfxp, tml, scc sami
  • sup
  • .ysjml - 人人译视界
sup -> sub
ffmpeg -i input.mkv -map 0:s:0 -c:s dvdsub -f matroska output.mks
mkvextract output.mks tracks 0:output.sub
del output.mks

Sync​

# AlpineLinux
apk add ffmpeg python3 py3-pip py3-numpy alpine-sdk python3-dev
pip install ffsubsync


ffsubsync video.mp4 -i unsynchronized.srt -o synchronized.srt --gss
ffsubsync reference.srt -i unsynchronized.srt -o synchronized.srt --gss

Tools​

srt​

  • srt - SubRip Subtitle
  • 支持基本的格式
    • bold <b>, {b}
    • italic <i>, {i}
    • underline <u>, {u}
    • fontcolor <font color="">
    • line position X1:
Counter
Timecode
Subtitle text
\n
  • timecode
    • hours:minutes:seconds,milliseconds
1
00:01:00,770 --> 00:01:01,780
已各就各位

2
00:01:01,780 --> 00:01:03,110
准备完毕

ass​

[Script Info]
Title: 字幕
ScriptType: v4.00+
PlayResX: 1280
PlayResY: 720
YCbCr Matrix: TV.601

[Aegisub Project Garbage]
Last Style Storage: Default
Audio File: file.mkv
Video File: file.mkv
Video AR Mode: 4
Video AR Value: 1.777778
Video Zoom Percent: 0.625000
Scroll Position: 504
Active Line: 507
Video Position: 25147

[V4+ Styles]
Format: Name, Fontname, Fontsize, PrimaryColour, SecondaryColour, OutlineColour, BackColour, Bold, Italic, Underline, StrikeOut, ScaleX, ScaleY, Spacing, Angle, BorderStyle, Outline, Shadow, Alignment, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Encoding
Style: Default,微软雅黑,58,&H00FFFFFF,&HF0000000,&H00030304,&H00000000,0,0,0,0,100,100,0,0,1,2,1,2,5,5,2,0

[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.37,0:03:09.54,Default,,0,0,0,,{\fs45\shad0\bord0\b1\pos(625.6,304.4)}哈哈

WebVTT​

形式​

  • 内置字幕
  • 内挂字幕
  • 外挂字幕
  • 内嵌字幕
  • 封装字幕
  • 内封字幕
  • 内置 - 硬字幕 - 视频包含字幕
  • 外挂 - 外部文件 - 例如 .srt, .ass
  • 内挂、封装、内封 - 在 mkv 里包含 字幕 文件
  • CC - Closed Caption - 隐藏字幕
  • SDH - Subtitles for the Deaf & Hard of Hearing
    • 字幕内容包含场景说明 - 例如 音乐、过场 说明
  • AD - 口述音频
  • HI

Caption vs Subtitle​

区别在于语言。

  • Caption - 相同语言 - 辅助功能
    • Closed Caption - 隐藏字幕
      • 对于相同语言的人来说起辅助作用
      • Television Decoder Circuitry Act 要求 1993 年后产出电视必须支持 Closed Caption
    • Open Caption - 提示信息、外国语对话、音乐、音效
  • Subtitle - 语言不一定相同