Internet of Things (IoT) & Embedded Integration

A comprehensive collection of notes on IoT protocols, software frameworks, hardware platforms, and integration techniques.

Software Frameworks & Libraries

Go (Golang)

• kidoman/embd
  • License: Apache 2.0 | Language: Go | Tech: HAL for Embedded
  • Hardware abstraction layer for boards like Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone Black, etc.
• stianeikeland/go-rpio
  • License: MIT | Language: Go | Tech: Raspberry Pi GPIO
  • Native Go library for GPIO, SPI, and I2C on Raspberry Pi without C dependencies.
• dhiltgen/go-owfs
  • Language: Go | Tech: 1-Wire / OWFS
  • Client library for interacting with One-Wire File System (OWFS).
• tinygo-org/tinygo
  • Go compiler for microcontrollers and WebAssembly.

JavaScript (Node.js)

• johnny-five
  • rwaldron/johnny-five
  • Language: JavaScript | Tech: Firmata, Robotics
  • The original JavaScript Robotics & IoT Framework.
• Samsung/iotjs
  • License: Apache 2.0 | Language: C, JavaScript | Tech: JerryScript
  • Lightweight JavaScript platform for resource-constrained IoT devices.
• Gobot
  • Next generation robotics framework with support for various platforms.

Hardware Utilities

• themadinventor/esptool
  • License: GPLv2+ | Language: Python | Tech: ESP8266/ESP32 Flashing
  • Essential serial utility for flashing Espressif chips.
• pellepl/spiffs
  • License: MIT | Language: C | Tech: SPI Flash File System
  • Wear-leveling file system designed for SPI NOR flash.

Communication Protocols

Bus Types & Networks

• List of Network Buses (Wikipedia)

Infrared (IR)

• z3t0/Arduino-IRremote
  • License: MIT | Language: C++ | Tech: IR Protocols
  • Send and receive IR signals using various protocols (NEC, Sony, Samsung, etc.).
• LIRC (Linux Infrared Remote Control)

Hardware Platforms & Components

Microcontrollers (MCU)

• ESP8266 / ESP32: Popular WiFi/BT integrated SoCs.
• ATmega328 (Arduino Uno): Mainstream 8-bit MCU.
• ATtiny85 (Digispark): Ultra-small USB development board.
  • Runs Micronucleus bootloader.

Sensors & Modules

• DS18B20: Digital temperature sensor (1-Wire).
  • Uses 4.7kΩ pull-up resistor. Supports parasitic power mode.
• HC-SR04: Ultrasonic distance sensor (Trig/Echo).
• OV7670: VGA camera module (640x480).
• L293D: Quadruple high-current half-H drivers for motors.
• SN74HC595: 8-bit shift register with output latches.

USB-Serial Bridges

Common VID/PID for serial converters:

• PL-2303: VID 067B, PID 2303. Prolific Driver.
• CH340G: Popular on low-cost Arduino clones.
• FT232H: High-speed USB to multi-protocol (UART, SPI, I2C, JTAG).

Tools & Troubleshooting

Kernel & Device Logs

# Linux: Follow kernel logs
dmesg -wH

# macOS: Follow kernel logs
watch -n 0.1 "sudo dmesg | tail -n 20"

USB Management

• Linux USB ID Repository
• libusb Examples

Specialized IoT Projects

• MagicMirror²
  • MichMich/MagicMirror
  • Modular smart mirror platform.
• Blynk
  • blynkkk/blynk-library
  • IoT platform to connect hardware to mobile apps.

Resources

• Embedded Linux Wiki (eLinux)
• Linux Device Drivers (LDD3)
• JSLinux - PC emulator in JavaScript by Fabrice Bellard.