Kaniko

2025-06 项目已经 archived, 推荐 docker buildkit
- fork chainguard-dev/kaniko

GoogleContainerTools/kaniko 是什么？
- 构建容器镜像的工具
- 不依赖 Docker，不需要 root 权限
- 可复现的容器镜像构建
gcr.io/kaniko-project/executor
gcr.io/kaniko-project/executor
- 包含 shell
参考
- GitLab runner use Kaniko
专注于在 Kubernetes 构建镜像

不能跨平台构建
不支持 multi-arch 和 manifest
不能使用本地 layer 缓存
性能可能弱于 dind - 可能很慢 GoogleContainerTools/kaniko#875
registry-mirror 不支持前缀，例如 registry.example.com/dockerhub

bash

# debug 环境
docker run --rm -it -w /workspace --entrypoint sh registry.cn-hongkong.aliyuncs.com/cmi/kaniko-project_executor:debug

mkdir -p /workspace /images /cache
cd /workspace

cat << DOCKERFILE > Dockerfile
FROM wener/base
RUN apk add coreutils
DOCKERFILE
# --no-push 不推送 --tarPath 生成的 tar 需要设置 --destination
# --context 默认 /workspace
# --cache 启用缓存 --cache-dir 基础镜像缓存目录，默认 /cache --cache-repo 缓存仓库
# --use-new-run 实验特性，提升构建性能
# --reproducible 移除时间戳
/kaniko/executor --context $PWD --dockerfile $PWD/Dockerfile \
  --registry-mirror hbcvocvo.mirror.aliyuncs.com \
  --no-push --tarPath /images/build.tar --destination=image \
  --use-new-run --reproducible

# Docker 认证配置
mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
# 配置
echo "{\"auths\":{\"$CI_REGISTRY\":{\"username\":\"$CI_REGISTRY_USER\",\"password\":\"$CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD\"}}}" > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
# 构建并推送
/kaniko/executor --context $CI_PROJECT_DIR --dockerfile $CI_PROJECT_DIR/Dockerfile --destination $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_TAG

# 直接构建
# registry.cn-hongkong.aliyuncs.com/cmi/kaniko-project_executor:latest
# gcr.io/kaniko-project/executor:latest
docker run \
  -v "$HOME"/.config/gcloud:/root/.config/gcloud \
  -v /path/to/context:/workspace \
  registry.cn-hongkong.aliyuncs.com/cmi/kaniko-project_executor:latest \
  --dockerfile /workspace/Dockerfile \
  --destination "$PROJECT_ID/$IMAGE_NAME:$TAG" \
  --context dir:///workspace/

dockerhub

bash

cat << JSON > config.json
{
	"auths": {
		"https://index.docker.io/v1/": {
			"auth": "$(echo -n $USER:$PASSWORD | base64)"
		}
	}
}
JSON
docker run --rm -it $PWD/config:/kaniko/.docker/config.json --destination=yourimagename

GoogleContainerTools/kaniko#1209

参数

Additional Flags

FAQ

性能问题

GoogleContainerTools/kaniko#875 Kaniko build's performance much slower comparing with DID solution
Unpacking rootfs as cmd COPY

拷贝根目录异常阻塞

docker

FROM alpine:3.11 as rootfs
RUN echo 7777

FROM alpine:3.11
# 阻塞
COPY --from=rootfs / /sysroot/
# Workaround https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/960
COPY --from=rootfs /rootfs/ /sysroot/

GoogleContainerTools/kaniko#960

snapshot 阻塞

GoogleContainerTools/kaniko#970

dockerhub

参数

FAQ

性能问题

拷贝根目录异常阻塞

snapshot 阻塞

关联信息

反向链接

References

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